Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Epilobium sect:(1).Epilobium hirsutum L.
✵The article gives records of the herb (1).Epilobium hirsutum L, its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, its botanical source plant species, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Epilobium sect:(1).Epilobium hirsutum L.
Introduction: Epilobium sect is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs, upright, ascending, or prostrate. Stems are cylindrical or quadrangular. Leaves are opposite (occasionally whorled) at least below inflorescence and alternate sparsely spirally (E. sinense H. Lev.). Flowers are actinomorphic, parallel to the stem axis when blooming; flower tube exists; petal apex is concave to deeply 2-lobed; stamens vary in length in 2 whorls, pollen grains are yellow, pollinated by quadruple pollen; style is always upright; stigma is usually entire, clavate to capitate, as long as or higher than stamens, sometimes 4-lobed and higher than stamens.
Botanical description: The Epilobium hirsutum L., is a plant of the Epilobium L. genus, Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), it is commonly known as "Epilobium hirsutum L.", Willow herb, Water Clove, Water Orchid, etc.
Epilobium hirsutum is a perennial stout herbaceous plant, sometimes lignified near the base, often lying down from the root neck in autumn to produce stout underground crawling branches with a length of more than 1 meter, sparse scaly leaves on the stems, and rosette-shaped leaf buds at the apex. The stems are 25~120 cm high and 3~12 mm thick, often branched in the middle and upper parts, and are densely spread villous around, often mixed with short and straight glandular hairs, especially on inflorescences, which are sparsely covered with white woolly hairs. Leaves are herbaceous, opposite, alternate in the upper part of the stem, sessile, and somewhat stalked; Stem leaves are lanceolate-elliptic to narrowly obovate or elliptic, sparsely lanceolate, 4~20 cm long, and 0.3~5 cm wide. The apex is tapering to acuminate, the base is nearly cuneate (wedge-shaped), the margin has 20~50 serrations on each side, both surfaces are villous, sometimes short glandular hairs are mixed on the back surface, and the back is sparsely densely woolly or nearly glabrous. The lateral veins are often inconspicuous, with 7~9 hairs on each side. Racemes are upright; Bracts are leaflike.
Flowers are upright with oval buds, 4.5~9 mm long and 2.5-5 mm in diameter; Ovary is grayish green to purple, 2~5 cm long, densely covered with villous and short glandular hairs, sometimes mainly glandular hairs, or sparsely woolly hairs without glandular hairs; Pedicel is 0.3~1.5 cm long; The hypanthium (calyx tube) is 1.3~2 mm in length and 2~3 mm in diameter, with a circle of long white hairs at the throat; Sepals are oblong and linear, 6~12 mm long and 1~2 mm wide, and their backs are raised into carinate, with hairs like those hairs on the ovary; Petals are usually rose-red, or pink to purplish red, wide and inverted cordate, 9~20 mm long, 7~15 mm wide, a concave is on the apex, 1~2 mm deep; The anthers are milky yellow, oblong, 1.5~2.5 mm long and 0.6~1 mm wide; The length of the outer filament wheel is 5~10 mm, and the length of the inner filament wheel is 3~6 mm; Style is upright, 5~12 mm long, white or pink, glabrous, sparsely villous; Stigma is white, 4-parted, lobes are oblong, 2~3.5 mm long, upright at first, gamophyllous, spreading during blooming, soon bent down, glabrous or sparsely hairy outside, slightly longer than stamens.
The capsularfruit is 2.5~9 cm long, with the same hairs as hairs on the ovary; The carpopodium (fruit stalk) is 0.5~2 cm long. The seeds are inverted egg-shaped, 0.8~1.2 mm long, 0.35~0.6 mm in diameter, with a short rostrum (beak) at the top, dark brown, and rough papillae on the surface; The tassel is 7~10 mm long, yellow-brown or off-white, and easy to fall off. Its flowering period is from June to August and fruiting from July to September.
Ecological environment: Epilobium hirsutum widely spreads in Eurasia continent, east to northeast Asia, and the Far East, Siberia and Himalayas, west to Asia Minor, Scandinavia, and other areas, it grows wildly and is cultivated in North America, in China it grows in temperate and tropical regions, grows in the area at altitudes of 150~2,000 meters in the north of the Yellow River Basin, and in the southwest area at altitudes of 180~2,800 meters in valleys, sand or gravel fields in stream beds, sunny and wet places along ditches and lakeside, and also in shrubs, barren slopes and roadsides, the plant often grows in patches.
Growth characteristics: This species widely spreads in temperate regions of the Eurasia continent, and the plant size, leaf shape, flower size, and hairs vary greatly in different habitats. The stem, leaf, inflorescence of this species from Xinjiang to Central Asia are densely covered with gray woolly hairs, almost without glandular hairs, while the trichomes of this species from the southwest are often dominated by glandular hairs, which is different from other regions.
Common Uses: Young leaves of Epilobium hirsutum can be used as a salad or cold dishes, the whole herb can be used as medicine, which can relieve inflammation, relieve pain, expel wind and dampness, treat the traumatic injury, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding, and promote granulation.
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1.Introduction of Epilobium Herb in Epilobium sect:(1).Epilobium hirsutum L.
✵The article gives records of the herb (1).Epilobium hirsutum L, its English name, Latin name, common names, property and flavor, its botanical source plant species, with a detailed introduction to the botanical features of this plant species, the growth characteristics, and ecological environment of this plant species.
Introduction: Epilobium sect is a section in the Epilobium genus of the Onagraceae family (evening primrose family), perennial herbs, upright, ascending, or prostrate. Stems are cylindrical or quadrangular. Leaves are opposite (occasionally whorled) at least below inflorescence and alternate sparsely spirally (E. sinense H. Lev.). Flowers are actinomorphic, parallel to the stem axis when blooming; flower tube exists; petal apex is concave to deeply 2-lobed; stamens vary in length in 2 whorls, pollen grains are yellow, pollinated by quadruple pollen; style is always upright; stigma is usually entire, clavate to capitate, as long as or higher than stamens, sometimes 4-lobed and higher than stamens.
Flowers are upright with oval buds, 4.5~9 mm long and 2.5-5 mm in diameter; Ovary is grayish green to purple, 2~5 cm long, densely covered with villous and short glandular hairs, sometimes mainly glandular hairs, or sparsely woolly hairs without glandular hairs; Pedicel is 0.3~1.5 cm long; The hypanthium (calyx tube) is 1.3~2 mm in length and 2~3 mm in diameter, with a circle of long white hairs at the throat; Sepals are oblong and linear, 6~12 mm long and 1~2 mm wide, and their backs are raised into carinate, with hairs like those hairs on the ovary; Petals are usually rose-red, or pink to purplish red, wide and inverted cordate, 9~20 mm long, 7~15 mm wide, a concave is on the apex, 1~2 mm deep; The anthers are milky yellow, oblong, 1.5~2.5 mm long and 0.6~1 mm wide; The length of the outer filament wheel is 5~10 mm, and the length of the inner filament wheel is 3~6 mm; Style is upright, 5~12 mm long, white or pink, glabrous, sparsely villous; Stigma is white, 4-parted, lobes are oblong, 2~3.5 mm long, upright at first, gamophyllous, spreading during blooming, soon bent down, glabrous or sparsely hairy outside, slightly longer than stamens.
The capsularfruit is 2.5~9 cm long, with the same hairs as hairs on the ovary; The carpopodium (fruit stalk) is 0.5~2 cm long. The seeds are inverted egg-shaped, 0.8~1.2 mm long, 0.35~0.6 mm in diameter, with a short rostrum (beak) at the top, dark brown, and rough papillae on the surface; The tassel is 7~10 mm long, yellow-brown or off-white, and easy to fall off. Its flowering period is from June to August and fruiting from July to September.
Ecological environment: Epilobium hirsutum widely spreads in Eurasia continent, east to northeast Asia, and the Far East, Siberia and Himalayas, west to Asia Minor, Scandinavia, and other areas, it grows wildly and is cultivated in North America, in China it grows in temperate and tropical regions, grows in the area at altitudes of 150~2,000 meters in the north of the Yellow River Basin, and in the southwest area at altitudes of 180~2,800 meters in valleys, sand or gravel fields in stream beds, sunny and wet places along ditches and lakeside, and also in shrubs, barren slopes and roadsides, the plant often grows in patches.
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